HEAD & NECK CANCERS

Tongue Cancer

Tongue Cancer refers to cancers that develop in the cells of the tongue. It typically manifests as squamous cell carcinoma, which arises from the flat, thin cells on the surface of the tongue.

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ON THIS PAGE:
Overview
Signs & Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
FAQs

Overview of Tongue Cancer

Tongue Cancer refers to cancers that develop in the cells of the tongue. It typically manifests as squamous cell carcinoma, which arises from the flat, thin cells on the surface of the tongue. This type of cancer can affect both the oral tongue (the front two-thirds that you can stick out) and the base of the tongue (the back one-third that extends down the throat).

How Does It Happen?

Tongue Cancer occurs when the cells in the tongue undergo genetic mutations. These mutations cause the cells to grow uncontrollably and form a tumor. The abnormal cells can invade nearby tissues and spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body, including lymph nodes, the lungs, and bones.

Causes & Risk Factors

Several factors can increase the risk of developing Tongue Cancer, including:

Tobacco Use: Smoking and chewing tobacco are major risk factors.

Alcohol Consumption: Excessive alcohol use can increase the risk.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Certain strains of HPV are linked to tongue cancer

Poor Oral Hygiene: Lack of proper oral hygiene can contribute to risk.

Diet: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk.

Age and Gender: More common in older adults and men.

Family History: A history of cancer in the family can elevate risk.

Stages & Grades

Tongue Cancer is classified into stages and grades to determine its severity and guide treatment:

Stages:

Stage I: Tumor is 2 centimeters or smaller and confined to the tongue.
Stage II: Tumor is larger than 2 centimeters but less than 4 centimeters.
Stage III: Tumor is larger than 4 centimeters or has spread to one lymph node.
Stage IV: Tumor has spread to nearby structures, other parts of the mouth, or distant parts of the body.

Grades:

Low Grade: Slow-growing and less aggressive.
High Grade: Fast-growing and more aggressive.

Prognosis at Each Stage & Grade

Stage I and II: Generally good prognosis with early detection and appropriate treatment.

Stage III: Prognosis varies but can be managed with a combination of treatments.

Stage IV: More challenging with lower survival rates, requiring comprehensive treatment strategies.

Types of Tongue Cancer

Oral Tongue Cancer: Affects the front two-thirds of the tongue.

Base of Tongue Cancer: Affects the back one-third of the tongue.

Signs & Symptoms

A persistent sore or ulcer on the tongue that does not heal
Pain in the tongue or jaw
Difficulty swallowing
A lump or thickening in the tongue
Red or white patches on the tongue
Numbness or pain in the tongue
Changes in speech or a persistent sore throat
Bleeding from the tongue without apparent cause

When to See a Specialist?

If you notice any persistent symptoms such as a sore that does not heal or a lump in the tongue, it is crucial to consult a specialist.

Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes. Contact KCC to schedule an appointment with our experts.

Whom to Consult?

At KCC, you can consult our experienced head and neck oncologists, oral surgeons, and specialists who focus on Tongue Cancer.

Our multidisciplinary team works together to provide comprehensive care tailored to your condition. Schedule a consultation today.

Chhatrapati Shahu Cancer Research Foundation, Kolhapur

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Diagnostic Tests & Procedures

?Physical Examination: Includes examining the tongue and mouth for abnormalities.

Biopsy: Removing a sample of tissue from the tongue for microscopic examination.

Imaging Tests: Such as MRI, CT scans, and PET scans to determine the extent of the cancer.

Endoscopy: A procedure used to look inside the mouth and throat to check for cancer spread.

HPV Testing: Checking for the presence of HPV in the tumor cells.

How Specialists Confirm the Diagnosis?

At KCC, specialists use a comprehensive approach to confirm the diagnosis of Tongue Cancer. This includes a combination of physical examinations, imaging tests, and biopsy results. A biopsy is crucial as it provides definitive evidence by revealing the presence of cancer cells under a microscope.

Accurate diagnosis is essential for developing an effective treatment plan tailored to each patient’s unique needs. For more details and to schedule a diagnostic evaluation, please contact KCC.

Gold Standard Test

A biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosing Tongue Cancer due to its accuracy in detecting cancerous cells.

What to Do When Diagnosed?

Receiving a diagnosis of Tongue Cancer can be overwhelming. However, knowing the next steps can make the process more manageable.

At KCC, we offer a range of support services to help you navigate your journey:

Personalized Treatment Plans: Our specialists will work with you to create a tailored treatment plan based on your specific diagnosis.

Counseling Services: Emotional and psychological support is available to help you and your family cope with the diagnosis.

Support Groups: Access to support groups where you can connect with others going through similar experiences.
Staying proactive and informed is crucial.

Schedule a consultation with KCC to discuss your diagnosis and the next steps.

Available Treatments for Tongue Cancer

KCC offers a variety of treatment options tailored to each patient’s specific needs:

Surgery: The primary treatment for most Tongue Cancers, involving the removal of the tumor and some surrounding healthy tissue.

Radiation Therapy: High-energy beams used to destroy cancer cells, often used after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells.

Chemotherapy: Drugs used to kill cancer cells, typically used in combination with radiation therapy for advanced stages.

Targeted Therapy: Drugs that specifically target molecular pathways involved in cancer growth and spread.

Immunotherapy: Boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells, used in certain cases.

Gold Standard Treatment & Why

Surgical resection followed by radiation therapy is considered the gold standard for most types of Tongue Cancer. This combination is effective in removing and destroying cancerous cells, thereby reducing the risk of recurrence.

Whom to Consult for Treatment?

For the best treatment outcomes, it is essential to consult specialists who are experienced in managing Tongue Cancer.

At KCC, you will find a team of dedicated head and neck oncologists, oral surgeons, and specialists who work collaboratively to provide comprehensive care.

Our multidisciplinary approach ensures that you receive the most effective treatment tailored to your condition. Book a consultation with KCC’s expert team today.

Prognosis of Treatment

The prognosis for Tongue Cancer varies based on several factors, including the type of cancer, its stage at diagnosis, and the patient’s response to treatment. Generally, the prognosis is good for early-stage Tongue Cancer, with high survival rates.

Even for more advanced stages, effective treatment options are available that can significantly improve outcomes. Early detection and prompt treatment are critical for a better prognosis.

For personalized information on your prognosis, please contact KCC to speak with our specialists.

Most Common FAQs on Tongue Cancer

What are the early symptoms of Tongue Cancer?

Early symptoms include a persistent sore or ulcer on the tongue, pain, and difficulty swallowing.

How is Tongue Cancer diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves physical examination, biopsy, and imaging tests.

Can Tongue Cancer be prevented?

Preventive measures include avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol use, practicing good oral hygiene, and regular check-ups if you have risk factors.

Is Tongue Cancer hereditary?

While most cases are not hereditary, a family history of cancer can increase risk.

What is the survival rate for Tongue Cancer?

Survival rates are generally high for early-stage detection and successful treatment.

What are the treatment side effects?

Side effects vary but may include fatigue, changes in taste, difficulty swallowing, and speech alterations.

Can Tongue Cancer recur?

Yes, regular follow-ups are essential to monitor for recurrence

Are there alternative treatments for Tongue Cancer?

Some patients explore complementary therapies, but always consult your doctor first.

How do I choose the right treatment plan?

Discuss options with your oncologist to determine the best plan for your specific case.

What support services are available at KCC?

KCC offers counseling, nutritional advice, and support groups for patients and families.

At Kolhapur Cancer Centre, we are dedicated to providing exceptional care and support to Tongue Cancer patients.

Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can assist you on your journey to recovery. Get in touch with KCC to start your treatment journey.