Gynec Cancers

Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system.

ON THIS PAGE:
Overview
Signs & Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
FAQs

Overview of Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system. Ovaries are responsible for producing eggs (ova) and the hormones estrogen and progesterone.

This cancer can arise from different types of cells within the ovaries, with the most common form being epithelial ovarian cancer, which starts in the cells lining the outer surface of the ovary.

Ovarian cancer is known for its subtle symptoms and is often diagnosed at a later stage, making awareness and early detection crucial.

→ Importance of Early Detection

Early detection of ovarian cancer can significantly improve treatment outcomes. Regular gynecological exams and being aware of the symptoms can lead to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment.

→ Expert Care at Kolhapur Cancer Centre

At Kolhapur Cancer Centre, we specialize in diagnosing and treating ovarian cancer with a comprehensive, patient-centric approach.

Our team of experts, including gynecologic oncologists, surgeons, and supportive care professionals, work together to provide personalized care tailored to each patient’s needs.

Utilizing state-of-the-art technology and advanced treatment methods, we strive to offer the best possible outcomes for our patients.

For more information or to schedule a consultation, please contact Kolhapur Cancer Centre. We are here to support you every step of the way.

Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer

→ Understanding the Risk Factors

Certain factors can increase a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer. It’s important to be aware of these risk factors and discuss them with your healthcare provider:

Age: The risk increases as you get older, with most cases occurring in women over 50.
Family History: A family history of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer can increase your risk. Genetic mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 also elevate risk.
Reproductive History: Women who have never been pregnant or had their first pregnancy after age 35 have a higher risk.
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Long-term use of hormone replacement therapy can increase the risk.
Endometriosis: A condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside it, which has been linked to a higher risk of ovarian cancer.

Types of Ovarian Cancer

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: The most common type, originating in the layer of cells covering the ovaries.
Germ Cell Ovarian Cancer: Develops from the cells that produce eggs. This type is more common in younger women.
Stromal Cell Ovarian Cancer: Arises from the connective tissue cells that hold the ovary together and produce hormones.

Signs & Symptoms

Ovarian cancer symptoms are often subtle and easily mistaken for other common conditions. It is essential to be aware of the signs and seek medical advice if they persist:

→ Common Symptoms

Abdominal Bloating: Persistent bloating or swelling in the abdomen.
Pelvic Pain: Pain or discomfort in the pelvic region.
Difficulty Eating: Feeling full quickly or loss of appetite.
Frequent Urination: Increased urgency or frequency of urination.

→ Less Common Symptoms

Fatigue: Unexplained tiredness or lack of energy.
Back Pain: Persistent pain in the lower back.
Menstrual Changes: Unusual menstrual cycles or postmenopausal bleeding.
Constipation: Changes in bowel habits, including constipation.

→ When to Seek Medical Advice?

If you experience any of these symptoms for more than a few weeks, it is important to consult a Cancer Specialist promptly. Early diagnosis can lead to more effective treatment.

Chhatrapati Shahu Cancer Research Foundation, Kolhapur

Need Financial Help For Your Cancer Treatment?

Diagnostic Tests & Procedures

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of ovarian cancer. At Kolhapur Cancer Centre, we follow a comprehensive diagnostic approach:

→ Initial Consultation and Medical History

Your diagnostic journey begins with an initial consultation where your healthcare provider will take a detailed medical history and discuss any symptoms you’ve been experiencing.

→ Physical Examination

A thorough pelvic examination is conducted to check for any lumps, swelling, or abnormalities in the ovaries and surrounding areas.

→ Imaging Tests

To gain a clearer understanding of the size, location, and extent of the tumor, various imaging tests may be recommended:

Ultrasound: Uses sound waves to create images of the ovaries and detect abnormalities.
CT (Computed Tomography) Scan: Offers cross-sectional images of the body to determine whether the cancer has spread.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Provides detailed images of soft tissues to reveal the exact location and size of the tumor.

→ Blood Tests

Blood tests, including the CA-125 test, can help in diagnosing ovarian cancer. Elevated levels of CA-125, a protein found in greater concentration in ovarian cancer cells, can indicate the presence of cancer.

→ Biopsy Procedures

A biopsy is essential for confirming the diagnosis. A sample of tissue is removed from the suspected tumor and examined under a microscope to determine the type and stage of cancer.

Available Treatments for Ovarian Cancer

At Kolhapur Cancer Centre, we offer a range of treatments for ovarian cancer, tailored to meet the unique needs of each patient.

Our multidisciplinary team of experts collaborates to create personalized treatment plans aimed at achieving the best possible outcomes. Here, we explain the various treatment options available:

→ Surgery

Surgery is often the primary treatment for ovarian cancer, particularly when the tumor is localized. The goal is to remove the cancerous tissue while preserving as much function as possible. Surgical options include:

Total Hysterectomy: Removal of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervix.
Debulking Surgery: Removal of as much of the tumor as possible, especially in advanced-stage cancer.
Lymph Node Dissection: Removal of nearby lymph nodes to check for the spread of cancer.

→ Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to destroy cancer cells. It is typically used after surgery to eliminate any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence. Chemotherapy options include:

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Administered before surgery to shrink the tumor.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy: Given after surgery to target residual cancer cells.

→ Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy involves the use of drugs that specifically target cancer cells without affecting normal cells. This treatment option is based on the specific genetic characteristics of the cancer and can be used in combination with other therapies.

→ Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy helps the body’s immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. While it is still being studied for ovarian cancer, it offers a promising option for advanced or recurrent cases.

→ Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to target and kill cancer cells. It is less commonly used for ovarian cancer but may be recommended in certain cases.

Most Common FAQs on Ovarian Cancer

What is ovarian cancer?

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system. It can arise from different types of cells within the ovaries.

What are the common symptoms of ovarian cancer?

Common symptoms include abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating, and frequent urination. Less common symptoms may include fatigue, back pain, menstrual changes, and constipation.

How is ovarian cancer diagnosed?

Ovarian cancer is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging tests (such as ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI), blood tests (including the CA-125 test), and biopsy procedures.

What are the treatment options for ovarian cancer?

Treatment options for ovarian cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy. The choice of treatment depends on the type, stage, and location of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health and preferences.

Is early detection important for ovarian cancer?

Yes, early detection of ovarian cancer significantly improves treatment outcomes. Regular gynecological exams and being aware of the symptoms can lead to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment.

Can ovarian cancer be cured?

The prognosis for ovarian cancer depends on various factors, including the stage and type of cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health. Early-stage ovarian cancer has a better chance of being successfully treated. Advanced treatments and a multidisciplinary approach can improve outcomes even in more challenging cases.

What are some myths about ovarian cancer?

Myth: Ovarian cancer is always fatal.

Fact: While ovarian cancer can be serious, early detection and advanced treatments have significantly improved survival rates.

Myth: Only older women get ovarian cancer.

Fact: While the risk increases with age, ovarian cancer can occur in younger women, especially those with certain genetic mutations.

What are some less-known facts about ovarian cancer?

Fact: Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations can help identify women at increased risk for ovarian cancer.
Fact: Birth control pills have been shown to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer when used for several years.

Fact: Ovarian cancer has a higher survival rate when diagnosed at an early stage.

How can I reduce my risk of developing ovarian cancer?

Reducing exposure to known risk factors, such as avoiding hormone replacement therapy and managing endometriosis, can lower your risk. Genetic testing and preventive surgery may be options for those with a high genetic risk.

How can I support a loved one with ovarian cancer?

Supporting a loved one with ovarian cancer involves offering emotional support, helping them manage treatment side effects, and assisting with daily tasks. Encouraging them to follow their treatment plan and attend medical appointments is also crucial. Being a compassionate and understanding presence can make a significant difference in their journey.

How can I support a loved one with ovarian cancer?

At Kolhapur Cancer Centre, patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer receive comprehensive and compassionate care from a team of dedicated specialists.

The hospital is equipped with cutting-edge technology and offers advanced treatment options, including personalised chemotherapy regimens and precision medicine tailored to individual genetic profiles.

The multidisciplinary team, comprised of oncologists, nurses, and support staff, works collaboratively to ensure that every patient has access to the resources and emotional support they need throughout their treatment journey.

With a commitment to patient-centred care, Kolhapur Cancer Centre strives to enhance the quality of life for those affected by ovarian cancer while continually advancing research and education in oncology.

For more information or to book an appointment, please contact us. Together, we can fight against ovarian cancer and provide hope for a brighter future for patients and their loved ones.